Last updated 24th May 2025
Currently 12 European Long Distance Paths have been established that cross several countries and are each several thousand miles in length. The E-Paths are initiatives of walkers' and ramblers' groups in many European countries, who are members of the European Hiking Federation (ERA). In the UK both the Long Distance Walkers Association and the Ramblers are members of the ERA. The ERA itself and many of its member organisations in mainland Europe are largely run by unpaid volunteers, and this should be borne in mind when contacting them.
Currently three E-Paths, E2, E8 and E9, go through the UK and Eire. For a UK overview map see E-Paths in the UK, which contains links to each of their Path Pages below.
The E2 has two possible starting (or finishing) points in Scotland: Stranraer and John o’Groats. It finishes (or starts) in Nice in the south of France. Details of guidebooks and other information on the E2 can be found on a dedicated webpage.
The length of the route depends on which variants are followed. The shortest is from Stranraer to Nice via Harwich and the Netherlands at 2203 miles (3525 kilometres), the longest is from John o’Goats to Nice via Dover and Calais at 2679 miles (4287 kilometres), which assumes that a southern route following the GR5a is used in Belgium. Starting from Stranraer the E2 crosses Scotland on the Southern Upland Way, joining the route from John o’Groats near Traquair. They then proceed together to Melrose, continuing down St Cuthbert's Way and the Pennine Way to Middleton in Teesdale.
From Middleton in Teesdale the E2 separates into two variants, one goes through Eastern England and the Netherlands, the other via Central and Southern England, coastal France and Belgium. The two alternatives join near Antwerp, the E2 then crosses the Ardennes, Luxembourg, Vosges, Jura and finally follows the Grande Traversée des Alpes (this section is the well-known GR5) to Nice.
The E2 in the UK is currently composed of four sections:
E2 Stranraer to Middleton-in-Teesdale
E2 Middleton-in-Teesdale to Dover
E2 Middleton-in-Teesdale to Harwich
The E8 is a 3,877-mile (6,240 km) route from west Cork in Ireland to Istanbul, crossing England from Liverpool to Hull along the Trans Pennine Trail, then via the Netherlands, Gemany, Poland, Austria, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Romania and Bulgaria to the Turkish Border.
The E9 is the 'Atlantic, North Sea and Baltic Sea Trail' from Portugal to Estonia. When complete it will be world's longest continuous coastal trail. Currently its total is 6,271 miles (10,092 km), running along or past the coasts of Portugal, Spain, France, England, Belgium, Netherlands, Germany, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia. With the development of the England Coast Path (ECP), it has been agreed to make the South Coast section from Plymouth to Dover into the main route of the E9, retaining the existing route from Poole Harbour to Dover as an inland variant. There is also an existing Isle of Wight Variant.
The European Hiking Federation (ERA formerly known as the European Ramblers Association) was founded in 1969 to act as an international umbrella organisation for all the major national walking organisations throughout Europe. One of its first tasks was to link member countries together by means of a series of long distance footpaths, designated as E-Paths. E-Paths link together established paths in member countries / regions to form international routes, with the aim of encouraging cross-border walking, thereby furthering contacts and understanding among the peoples of Europe. At first there were only six E-Paths, but as organisations from more countries joined the number has risen to 12 (E1-E12). There is no European 'standard' for these paths and the designation - waymarking and maintenance of the individual sections is the responsibility of the organisations in the country or region concerned. It has been agreed by the ERA to also identify the paths with a blue shield, the yellow stars of Europe and the corresponding number of the E-Path. The waymarking in the UK is mainly that of the underlying routes.
The E-Paths currently total over 63,000 km in some 28 countries, extending from Portugal to Cyprus and from Norway to Greece. In continental Europe, routes are linked via a border crossing; with countries like the UK, where there are no land borders, the links are via ferry ports.
Since the concept of including European Long Distance Paths in the UK was first raised the LDWA has taken an interest in, and has been closely involved in, their establishment. Up to the early 2000s the LDWA was an initial implementing body in the UK. From 2022 this involvement has been rebooted, currently focusing on the western and northen extensions of the E2.
In the development of the E-Paths within the UK no new paths have been created: all three paths (E2, E8 and E9) use existing, often well-established, long distance paths that have been linked together, along with a few relatively short linking sections, to create the final route.
The UK Long Distance Paths that make up the E2 (which has two main variants), the E8 and the E9 are as follows.
E2 (Central/Southern Variant: Stranraer - Dover)
Southern Upland Way: Stranraer via Traquair (where the two variants join) to Melrose; St Cuthbert's Way: Melrose to Kirk Yetholm; Pennine Way National Trail: Kirk Yetholm via Middleton in Teesdale (where the Eastern section leaves) to Standedge; Oldham Way: Standedge to Mossley; Tameside Trail: Mossley to Broadbottom; Etherow - Goyt Valley Way: Broadbottom to Compstall; Goyt Way and Peak Forest Canal: Compstall to Disley; Gritstone Trail: Disley to Rushton Spencer; Staffordshire Way: Rushton Spencer to Cannock Chase; Heart of England Way: Cannock Chase to Bourton-on-the-Water; Oxfordshire Way: Bourton-on-the-Water to Kirtlington; Oxford Canal: Kirtlington to Oxford; Thames Path National Trail: Oxford to Weybridge; Wey Navigations: Weybridge to Guildford; North Downs Way National Trail: Guildford to Dover.
Some short linking sections are not yet waymarked.
E2 (Eastern Variant: John o'Groats - Harwich)
John o’Groats Trail: John o’Groats to Inverness; Great Glen Way: Inverness to Fort William; West Highland Way: Fort William to Carbeth; John Muir Way: Carbeth to Edinburgh; Water of Leith Walkway: Edinburgh to Currie; Pentland Way E2 Link: Currie to Glencorse Reservoir; Pentland Way: Glencorse Reservoir to West Linton; Cross Borders Drove Road: West Linton to Traquair (where the route joins the variant from Stranraer); Southern Upland Way: Traquair to Melrose; St Cuthbert's Way: Melrose to Kirk Yetholm; Pennine Way National Trail: Kirk Yetholm to Middleton in Teesdale (where the two variants separate); Teesdale Way: Middleton in Teesdale to Middlesbrough; Tees Link: Middlesbrough to Guisborough; Cleveland Way National Trail: Guisborough to Filey; Yorkshire Wolds Way National Trail: Filey to Hessle, Humber Bridge, Hessle to Barton-upon-Humber; Viking Way: Barton-upon-Humber to Rutland Water; Hereward Way: Rutland Water to Ely; Fen Rivers Way: Ely to Cambridge; Fleam Dyke and Roman Road Walk: Cambridge to Linton; Icknield Way Trail: Linton to Stetchworth; Stour Valley Path: Stetchworth to Dedham; Essex Way: Dedham to Harwich (where there is a short linking section to the International Ferry Terminal from Ramsey).
E8 Trans Pennine Trail from Liverpool to Hull.
E9 Plymouth to Dover
South West Coast Path National Trail: Plymouth to Studland; Sandbanks Ferry; Bournemouth Coast Path: Sandbanks to Lymington.
From Lymington the E9 has mainland and Isle of Wight (IoW) variants.
Mainland variant: Solent Way: Lymington to Portsmouth.
IoW variant: Lymington to Yarmouth Ferry; Isle of Wight Coastal Path: Yarmouth to Needles; Tennyson Trail: Needles to Carisbrooke; local route: Carisbrooke to Newport; Bembridge Trail: Newport to Bembridge; Isle of Wight Coastal Path: Bembridge to Ryde; Ryde to Portsmouth Ferry.
Mainland variant (contd.): Solent Way: Portsmouth to Havant; Staunton Way: Havant to Queen Elizabeth Country Park (QECP); South Downs Way National Trail: QECP to Jevington; 1066 Country Walk: Jevington to Rye; Saxon Shore Way: Rye to Dover.
In 2023 it was decided that once the England Coast Path is fully open between Sandbanks (Poole Harbour) and Dover this would become the main route of the E9 along the south coast of England and retaining the existing inland route from Havant to Rye as a variant.
The LDWA informs its members about updates as new publications are produced for the constituent routes through the LDP News features that appear regularly three times a year in its members' journal, Strider.
The website of the European Hiking Federation (ERA) gives information on E-Paths, both in the UK and the overall European network. It includes schematic maps of the full European network and of each E-Path individually, indicating which sections are completed.
Acknowledgement is given to the ERA for material from the ERA's website used above.
A significant part of the E-Paths in the UK comprise sections of several of the National Trails, as named above. There is a common entry website for these National Trails at www.nationaltrail.co.uk that links to the sites for each trail, where publication and accommodation information can be found.
Many of the other major constituent routes have websites of a user group or association for the route, while many are covered on the sites of their local authorities. The links on our path pages will take you to useful sites that provide one or more of the following: outline route information, sources of guides, maps – sectional or route schematics.
